Ncert class 11 geography chapter 3 || Interior of the Earth || Information collection

 

This blog is about ncert class 11 geography chapter 3 notes with easy explanation. It will be 1^st part of chapter 3 “Interior of earth”. Discuss what is Endogenic processes, Exogenic process; Direct source and indirect source of information collection about Interior of earth.

 

If anyone thought that the earth was like a solid ball, they were wrong. Different types of activities are going on in the earth's interior. Endogenic and exogenic processes influence the configuration of the earth's surface.

 What are Endogenic processes and exogenic processes?

ü  Processes that happen in the interior of the earth are called Endogenic processes. Examples are volcanism, Faulting, Folding, and Plate tectonics.

 

ü  Processes that happen surface of the earth are called Exogenic processes. Examples are Weathering, Erosion, Transportation, and Deposition.

 

 

Knowing about the interior of the Earth…..

The Earth`s radius is 6,370 Km. No one can reach the earth`s interior because of intense heat and pressure. We know about the earth`s interior from two sources – 1) Direct sources, and 2) Indirect sources.

 

Direct sources-

                        i.          Collections of Rocks from the surface areas and mining areas.

 

                      ii.          Scientists conducted Deep drilling projects. The deepest drilling project is the “ Kola Superdeep Borehole” at Kola, in the Arctic Ocean ( Russia). Reach at 12 KM depth. Information’s are gathered through the analysis of materials that are collected by such types of deep drilling projects.

                           

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                     iii.          Volcanic eruption is another source of direct information. Molten magma comes out during volcanic eruption, and is easily assessable for analysis. Through which we gather information. 

 

 

Indirect sources-

                         i.         Through the mining activity we know that temperature, pressure, and material density increase with the increase of depth from the surface. Also know the rate of change of characteristics, and the total thickness of the earth.

                         ii.        Meteors is another source of information. The structure and material of meteors are similar to our planet.

 

                        iii.       Other sources are gravitation, magnetic field, and seismic activity.

 

·        We observe that different latitudes obtain different gravitational forces. It is minimum at the equator to maximum at the poles. Because of the distance from the center.

·        Also, uneven distribution of mass of material influences gravitational values (that’s why we observe polar regions rich in mineral resources).

 

(Different place records different types of gravity from our expected value. It is dependent on many factors. Such a difference in gravity is called Gravity anomaly).

The magnetic survey provides us with information about the distribution of magnetic materials.

 Other hand, we know about the interior of the earth through seismic activity. 

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